Skip to main content

ARITHMETIC CALCULATION IN COMPUTERS

ARITHMETIC OPERATION AND CONVERSION DONE BY COMPUTER
As we have seen in previous post that arithmetic computation is an important thing in calculation, if a person doesn’t know arithmetic computations,he will be doomed to be in trouble during calculations that happensin everyday life.So it is necessary to learn arithmetic computation.So in this post I am going to take one step further.I am going to write about octal and hexadecimal numbers.
Now let us discuss some arithmetic conversion.Let us see what is octal and hexadecimal numbers used by digital computer.
The conversion from and to binary, octal and hexadecimal plays an important part in digital computers.Since 23 = 8 and 24 = 16 each octal digit corresponds to three binary digits and each four binary digit corresponds to one hexadecimal digit.
The conversion of from binary to octal is easily accomplished by partitioning the binary into group of three digit each, starting from binary point and preceding to the left or to the right…
Post a Comment

MONITORS: A COMPUTER PART


Folks today i am going to say something about an output device called monitor.  As maximum people know about monitors so i am going to write few things about monitor much of the information you know but i am going to say some few words hence please be with me.

Monitor is a primary output device.  It displays all current process application and data i.e. Running inside a computer system.  A standard monitor uses an analog vga interface, which plugs into a tp15 vga connector to a mother board.  There are two types of monitor technology available to the market.

CATHODE RAY TUBE (CRT MONITOR)

This monitor is fading in popularity but still in widespread use with older computer systems.  It is analog standard monitor a crt uses a picture tube that was used in older tube based tv sets.

  The narrow end of the picture tube contains an electron gun it emits 3 electron beams one each for red, green and blue light.  The front end of the picture tube is coated with phosphorous.  When the elecron hit the phosphorous coating it starts to glow.

Just before the phosphorous coating a metal plate called a shadow mask uses one of the three technologies phosphor triad, an aperture grill, a slotted mask.
Crt monitors are bulky, takes more desk space, consumes more power and emits more heat.  Crt monitors were available from 15 inch to 19 inch size.  It uses vga connector to attach with a cpu.


 LCD AND LED SCREENS

The most popular monitor in todays market is led monitor surpassed lcd monitors.  Because it gives better color quality, wide viewing angle and consumes less power.  It uses liquid crystal cells to polarize the light.  Lcd uses fluorescent lamp and led monitor uses led lamp for back lighting.  This display uses an array of transistors to control each cell variation are the colour bit response time and the refresh rate. 
This monitor comes with two types of transistor technology (1) passive matrix (2) active matrix.
Now i will discuss about passive matrix so lets be.
PASSIVE MATRIX
A passive matrix display does not have a dedicated transistor for each pixel or sub pixel, bit instead of a matrix of conductive traces.  In simplified terms for a single pixel, when the display is instructed  to change the crystal line alignment for a particular pixel and sends a signal  accross the x and y coordinate traces that intersect at that pixel, thus turning it on.  A 1366 * 768 resolution monitor contains 1366 transistors at that horizontal edge and 768 in vertical edge. The viewing uncle is a most unconsiderable issue of a passive matrix display.  The pitchure quality is muddy because the conductive traces sometimes affects the neighbouring pixels of a target pixel. The one advangage of passive matrix is it consumes less power comparing to active matrix display.

DUAL SCAN DISPLAY
A dual scan is a  variation of the passive metric display.  The classic passive matrix screen is split in half to implement a dual scan display.  Each half of the display is refreshed separatly leading to increased quality.  Although dual scan improves the quality of refresh rate but it cannot rival the quality produced by active matrix.

ACTIVE MATRIX

This screen is made of several independent lcd or led pixels.   A transistor at each pixel location, when switched among various levels activates two opposing electrodes that align the pixels crystal two opposing electrodes that align the pixels crystals and alter the passage of light at that location two produce millions of colour shades. 

This type of display is very crisp and easy to look at from any angle.  It doesn’t require a scan refreshing to maintain an image.  Because transistors conduct current only in one direction and the pixels acts like a capacitor by holding its charge until it is refreshed.

 Higher refresh rate results in better video a gaining performance not for still image.  The major disadvantage of active matrix screeen but it reuqir3es more power to operate all transistors.  Even if the backlight is turned of the screen can still consume power at an alarming rate.  Another problem with active matrix is light bleed.


Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

LOGIC OF COMPUTERS

LOGIC OF COMPUTER IN PAPER AS WELL AS PRACTICAL USE



We always use logic in every day matters, so do the machines.But we were taught by experiences we count and the people we trust and these things matters most because it will help in dark times.But to make the machine understand the logic is very hefty work. But this is certainly not impossible.In order to understand logic we use integrated circuits.But to do this we need to design the integrated circuits on paper.This requires certain rules of algebra.This I am going talk about the rule of an algebra called the duality principal.
It states that every algebraic expression deducible from the postulates of Boolean algebra remains valid if the operators and identity elements are interchanged.In a two value Boolean algebra, the identity elements and the elements of the set B are same 1 and 0.The duality principal has many applications.If the dual of an algebraic expression is desired, we simply interchange OR and AND operators and replace…
1 comment
Read more

ALL ABOUT LASER PRINTER

ALL ABOUT LASER PRINTER

This printer is also known as page printer because they receive their print job one page at a type.There are two major types of laser printer 1)The first use a laser to scan the image on two a organic photo conductive drum (OPC) 2)The second use an array of led to create the image on the drum.Xerox invented this printer in 1971 but the first laser printer was introduced y hp in 1984.
BASIC COMPONENTS
Tonner cartridge:Tonner is a black carbon substance mixed with polyster resin to make it flow better and iron oxide particles to make it sensitive to electrical charge.Tonner contain a medium called developer which carries the tonner until it is used by the EP(Electro photography) process.
The tonner also contains the opc drum. The drum is coated with a photo sensitive material that hold a static charge unless it is exposed to light.The drum also contains a cleaning blade known as doctor blade. That continuously scraps the unused tonner from the drum.
Load Scanner Assem…
2 comments
Read more

INTERNET A GLIMPSE

We live in a world where every field requires use of computers.But computers need data to process the output.This data can be gathered with the help of internet.The internet uses World Wide Web to gather data.So the user must know the basics of the internet.So I am going to acknowledge the basic parts where and how the computer uses internet. I am going to discuss about OSI layers.
Osi means open system interconnectand was invented by ISO (INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF ORGANIZATION) which is an institution who manages giving standardization of the products to be manufactured.It was invented by iso in 1984.The use of iso in networking terms is to provide networking standardization of frame workfor implementing network protocols to be used in seven layers.
The seven layers breaks down the process of communication into smaller and easier to handle independent categories.Before osi different networking vendors couldn’t communicate with each other.After iso now different vendors have the abili…
Post a Comment
Read more